Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. Certain types of HPV (especially types 6 and 11) cause skin lesions in the genital area, known as genital warts (condyloma). The virus is usually transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, and the infection is often asymptomatic.
HPV diagnosis and evaluation in men
The diagnosis of genital warts is mostly made through clinical examination. A urologist identifies typical lesions by visually inspecting the genital area. In suspicious cases, an acetic acid test (peniscopy) or a biopsy and HPV typing for definitive diagnosis can be performed.
Basic principles of genital wart treatment
HPV treatment covers the elimination of all visible lesions, simultaneous partner treatment, and clinical follow-up. Contrary to popular belief, the virus can be completely cleared from the body by the immune system within an average of 2 years in healthy individuals. Treatment selection is personalized based on the number, size, and location of the warts.
Surgical and interventional treatment methods
Cryotherapy (Freezing)
Lesions are frozen and destroyed using liquid nitrogen. It is a relatively fast and minimally invasive method; however, the risk of recurrence may increase if the entire lesion cannot be frozen.
Electrocauterization (Burning)
Warts are heated and destroyed with the help of an electric current. It is effective for numerous and large warts, but the healing process may be prolonged depending on the tissue depth.
Plasmaexeresis (Plasma therapy)
This is a method where the lesion is destroyed with heat by directing a concentrated radiofrequency current. Since it does not cause deep burns, it is the method with the fastest wound healing.
Surgical excision and laser
Surgical incision for large lesions and vaporization with laser energy for widespread or hard-to-reach areas may be preferred.
Medication and immunomodulator treatments
For small warts or to prevent recurrence, topical medications such as Podophyllotoxin (stops cell division) or Imiquimod (stimulates the immune system) can be used.
Adana and regional approaches
Adana urology doctors exhibit a multidisciplinary approach in HPV treatment. In the Çukurova region, plasma therapy, cryotherapy, and immune-supportive treatments are planned specifically for each patient to minimize the risk of recurrence.
